Valavu ya chipata cha hydraulic wedge DN400 PN25

1. Kufotokozera ndi Zinthu Zofunika Kwambiri

Valavu ya Hydraulic Wedge Gate ndi valavu yoyenda molunjika komwe diski yooneka ngati wedge (chipata) imakwezedwa kapena kutsitsidwa ndi actuator ya hydraulic kuti ilamulire kuyenda kwa madzi.

Zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa kukula ndi kalasi iyi:

• Kapangidwe ka Bore Lonse: M'mimba mwake wamkati umagwirizana ndi chitoliro (DN400), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu ya mpweya itsike kwambiri ikatsegulidwa mokwanira ndikulola kuti mapaipi azitha kugwira ntchito.
• Kuyenda kwa mbali ziwiri: Koyenera kuyenda mbali zonse ziwiri.
• Tsinde Lokwera: Tsinde limakwera pamene valavu ikutsegulidwa, zomwe zimasonyeza bwino malo a valavu.
• Kutseka kwa Chitsulo ndi Chitsulo: Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mphete zokhala ndi mphero zolimba (monga Stellite) kuti ziteteze kukokoloka ndi kukalamba.
• Kapangidwe Kolimba: Kopangidwa kuti kagwire ntchito yolimbana ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi likhale lolemera komanso lolimba, nthawi zambiri lopangidwa ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena chopangidwa ndi chitsulo.

2. Zigawo Zazikulu

1. Thupi: Kapangidwe kake kamene kali ndi mphamvu, komwe nthawi zambiri kamapangidwa ndi Chitsulo cha Carbon (WCB) kapena Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzimbiri (CF8M/316SS). Malekezero opindika (monga, PN25/ASME B16.5 Class 150) ndi muyezo wa DN400.
2. Boneti: Yomangidwa pa thupi, imasunga tsinde ndipo imapereka malire a kupanikizika. Nthawi zambiri boneti yayitali imagwiritsidwa ntchito poteteza kutentha.
3. Wedge (Chipata): Gawo lotsekera makiyi. Pa PN25, Flexible Wedge ndi yofala. Ili ndi kadulidwe kapena mpata wozungulira kuzungulira kwake komwe kumalola wedge kugwedezeka pang'ono, kukonza kutsekeka ndikulipira kusintha pang'ono kwa mipando chifukwa cha kukulira kwa kutentha kapena kupsinjika kwa chitoliro.
4. Tsinde: Shaft yolimba kwambiri yokhala ndi ulusi (monga SS420 kapena 17-4PH Stainless Steel) yomwe imatumiza mphamvu kuchokera ku actuator kupita ku wedge.
5. Mphete Zokhala: Mphete zolimba zomwe zimakanikizidwa kapena kulowetsedwa m'thupi lomwe chimangiriridwa. Zimapangitsa kuti chitsekocho chizimitse.
6. Kulongedza: Chotsekera (nthawi zambiri graphite yoteteza kutentha kwambiri) mozungulira tsinde, chomwe chili m'bokosi lodzaza, kuti lisatulukire ku chilengedwe.
7. Hydraulic Actuator: Chojambulira cha piston kapena scotch yoke chomwe chimayendetsedwa ndi hydraulic pressure (nthawi zambiri mafuta). Chimapereka mphamvu/kuthamanga kwakukulu komwe kumafunika kuti valavu yayikulu ya DN400 igwire ntchito motsutsana ndi kupanikizika kwakukulu.

3. Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito

• Kutsegula: Madzi a hydraulic amalowetsedwa mu actuator, kusuntha pisitoni. Kusunthaku kumasinthidwa kukhala kuyenda kozungulira (scotch yoke) kapena kolunjika (linear piston) komwe kumazungulira tsinde la valavu. Tsinde limalowa mu wedge, ndikulikweza kwathunthu mu bonnet, ndikutsegula njira yoyendera.
• Kutseka: Madzi a hydraulic amaikidwa mbali ina ya actuator, kutembenuza kayendedwe kake. Tsinde limazungulira ndikukankhira wedge pansi pamalo otsekedwa, komwe limakanikizidwa mwamphamvu ndi mphete ziwiri za mipando, ndikupanga chisindikizo.

Chidziwitso Chofunika: Valavu iyi yapangidwa kuti izitha kutsekeka (yotseguka kwathunthu kapena yotsekedwa kwathunthu). Siyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kugwedezeka kapena kutsika kwa madzi, chifukwa izi zingayambitse kugwedezeka, kutsekeka kwa makoma, komanso kuwonongeka mwachangu kwa wedge ndi mipando.

4. Mapulogalamu Odziwika

Chifukwa cha kukula kwake ndi kupanikizika kwake, valavu iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale ovuta:

• Mapaipi Opatsira ndi Kugawa Madzi: Kulekanitsa magawo a mapaipi akuluakulu.
• Malo Opangira Magetsi: Makina oziziritsira madzi, mizere ya madzi operekera madzi.
• Madzi Oyendetsera Ntchito Zamakampani: Malo akuluakulu opangira mafakitale.
• Zomera Zochotsa Mchere: Mizere ya reverse osmosis (RO) yothamanga kwambiri.
• Kukumba ndi Kukonza Migodi: Mapaipi a matope (omwe ali ndi zinthu zoyenera kusankha).

5. Ubwino ndi Kuipa

6. Zofunika Kuganizira Posankha ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito

• Kusankha Zinthu: Gwirizanitsani thupi/mphero/zida zopachikira (WCB, WC6, CF8M, ndi zina zotero) ndi madzi (madzi, dzimbiri, kutentha).
• Malumikizano a Mapeto: Onetsetsani kuti miyezo ya flange ndi facing (RF, RTJ) zikugwirizana ndi payipi.
• Hydraulic Power Unit (HPU): Valavu imafuna HPU yosiyana kuti ipange kupanikizika kwa hydraulic. Ganizirani liwiro logwirira ntchito, kupanikizika, ndi kuwongolera (kwapafupi/kutali).
• Njira Yotetezeka: Choyatsira chingatchulidwe kuti Fail-Open (FO), Fail-Closed (FC), kapena Fail-in-Last-Position (FL) kutengera zofunikira zachitetezo.
• Valavu Yodutsa: Pa ntchito zopanikizika kwambiri, valavu yaying'ono yodutsa (monga DN50) nthawi zambiri imayikidwa kuti igwirizane ndi kupanikizika kudutsa wedge musanatsegule valavu yayikulu, zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu yogwirira ntchito yofunikira.

Mwachidule, Hydraulic Wedge Gate Valve DN400 PN25 ndi ntchito yolimba komanso yogwira ntchito kwambiri yoletsa kapena kuyambitsa madzi m'mapaipi akuluakulu, amphamvu kwambiri. Kugwira ntchito kwake kwa hydraulic kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera malo otalikirana kapena odziyimira pawokha.