Valavu yolowera pachipata

Chitseko chokhoma: chachikulu chomwe chimayikidwa kumapeto kwa chitoliro chotulutsira madzi, ndi valavu yotetezera madzi kuti asayende mmbuyo.

Chitseko chokhoma: chimapangidwa makamaka ndi mpando wa valavu (thupi la valavu), mbale ya valavu, mphete yotsekera ndi hinge.

Chitseko chopindika: mawonekedwe ake amagawidwa m'magulu ozungulira ndi amakona anayi.

Chitseko chokhoma: Zipangizo zimagawidwa m'zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, chitsulo chosungunuka, chitsulo, zinthu zophatikizika (pulasitiki yolimbikitsidwa ndi ulusi wagalasi) ndi zinthu zina.

Chitseko chozungulira: valavu yolowera mbali imodzi yomwe imayikidwa pamalo otulukira chitoliro chotulutsira madzi m'mphepete mwa mtsinje. Pamene kuchuluka kwa madzi mumtsinje kuli kokwera kuposa malo otulukira chitoliro ndipo kuthamanga kuli kokulirapo kuposa kuthamanga mu chitoliro, chitseko chozungulira chidzatseka chokha kuti madzi a mumtsinje asabwererenso mu chitoliro chozungulira madzi.

Poyerekeza ndi chipata chachikhalidwe, chipata cha clapper chili ndi zabwino izi:

1. Kusunga mphamvu zambiri (mwachitsanzo, palibe mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito pamanja yomwe imafunika kuti mutsegule ndi kutseka chitseko)

2. Kutalika kwa nthawi yogwira ntchito (kapangidwe kosavuta ka makina ndi kukonza kosavuta)

3. Yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito (swichiyo siifunikira kugwiritsa ntchito pamanja)

Ma payipi ozungulira ndi a sikweya amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyenda madzi m'njira imodzi yokha. Ndi ang'onoang'ono komanso odalirika pogwira ntchito. Mphamvu yotsegulira ndi kutseka madzi imachokera ku kuthamanga kwa madzi. Ngati kuthamanga kwa madzi mkati mwa chitseko cha flap kuli kwakukulu kuposa kuthamanga kwa kunja kwa chitseko cha flap, chidzatsegulidwa; apo ayi, chidzatsekedwa.

Zida zogwiritsira ntchito: madzi, madzi a mtsinje, madzi a mtsinje, madzi a m'nyanja, zimbudzi zapakhomo ndi zamafakitale

Gawo logwiritsira ntchito: loyenera kusungira madzi, zimbudzi za m'matauni, njira zowongolera kusefukira kwa madzi m'mizinda, malo oyeretsera zimbudzi, malo oyeretsera madzi, ndi zina zotero.