Amathuba e-oyile negesi anyukayo okuthengiswa kweevalvu agxile kwiintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zezicelo: i-wellhead kunye ne-pipeline. Eyokuqala ilawulwa ngokubanzi yi-API 6A Specification ye-Wellhead kunye ne-Christmas Tree Equipment, kwaye eyesibini yi-API 6D Specification ye-Pipeline kunye ne-Piping Valves.
Izicelo zeWellhead (API 6A)
Amathuba okusetyenziswa kweentloko zemithombo aqikelelwa ngokubanzi ngokusekelwe kwiBaker Hughes Rig Count ebonelela ngemilinganiselo ephambili kushishino lweoyile negesi oluphezulu. Le milinganiselo yajika yaba ntle ngo-2017, nangona phantse ikwiMntla Melika kuphela (jonga iTshathi 1). Intloko yemithombo eqhelekileyo ibandakanya iivalvu ezintlanu nangaphezulu ezihlangabezana ne-API Specification 6A. Ezi valve zihlala zincinci ngobukhulu ukusuka kwi-1” ukuya kwi-4” kwiintloko zemithombo ezikwinxweme lolwandle. Ezi valve zinokubandakanya ivalvu ephezulu nesezantsi yokuvala imisele; ivalvu yephiko lokubulala yokungenisa iikhemikhali ezahlukeneyo zokuphucula ukuhamba kwamanzi, ukumelana nokugqwala, kunye nezinye iinjongo; ivalvu yephiko lokuvelisa ukuvala/ukwahlula intloko yemithombo kwinkqubo yepayipi; ivalvu yokutshixa yokuguqula ukuhamba kwamanzi ukusuka emthonjeni; kunye nevalvu yeswab phezulu kwendibano yomthi yokufikelela ngokuthe nkqo kwi-wellbore.Iivalvu ngokubanzi zezohlobo lwesango okanye ibhola kwaye zikhethwa ngokukodwa xa zivalwe ngokuqinileyo, xa kuthelekiswa nokukhukuliseka kokuhamba kwamanzi, kwaye xa kuthelekiswa nokugqwala okunokuba yinto exhalabisa kakhulu iimveliso zegesi emuncu okanye igesi emuncu enomxholo ophezulu wesalfure. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ingxoxo engentla ayizibandakanyi iivalvu ezingaphantsi kolwandle eziphantsi kweemeko zenkonzo ezifuna kakhulu kwaye zikwindlela yokulibaziseka kokubuyiselwa kwemarike ngenxa yexabiso eliphezulu lokuveliswa kwemveliso engaphantsi kolwandle.
Ixesha leposi: Matshi-27-2018