1. Kodi chosonkhanitsa n'chiyani?
Hydraulic accumulator ndi chipangizo chosungira mphamvu. Mu accumulator, mphamvu yosungidwa imasungidwa ngati mpweya wopanikizika, kasupe wopanikizika, kapena katundu wonyamulidwa, ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ku madzi osagwedezeka.
Ma accumulators ndi othandiza kwambiri mu machitidwe amphamvu amadzimadzi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga mphamvu ndikuchotsa ma pulse. Angagwiritsidwe ntchito mu machitidwe a hydraulic kuti achepetse kukula kwa pampu yamadzimadzi powonjezera madzi a pampu. Izi zimachitika posunga mphamvu mu pampu panthawi yomwe ikufunika kwambiri. Angathe kugwira ntchito ngati kuchepetsa komanso kuyamwa kwa kusinthasintha ndi ma pulse. Angathe kuchepetsa kugwedezeka ndikuchepetsa kugwedezeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuyamba kapena kuyimitsidwa kwa silinda yamagetsi mwadzidzidzi mu hydraulic circuit. Madzi akakhudzidwa ndi kukwera ndi kutsika kwa kutentha, accumulator ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kukhazikika kusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa madzi mu dongosolo la hydraulic. Angathe kutulutsa madzi pansi pa kupanikizika, monga mafuta ndi mafuta.

Pakadali pano, ma accumulators omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi a pneumatic-hydraulic types. Ntchito ya mpweya ndi yofanana ndi buffer spring, imagwira ntchito ndi madzi; mpweya umalekanitsidwa ndi pisitoni, diaphragm yopyapyala kapena thumba la mpweya.

2. Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya accumulator

Pansi pa mphamvu ya kupanikizika, kusintha kwa voliyumu ya madzi (pansi pa kutentha kosalekeza) kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, kotero ngati palibe gwero lamagetsi (ndiko kuti, chowonjezera cha madzi opanikizika kwambiri), mphamvu ya madziwo idzatsika mofulumira.

Mpweya umatha kusinthasintha kwambiri, chifukwa mpweya umatha kupanikizika, ngati pakhala kusintha kwakukulu kwa voliyumu, mpweyawo ukhoza kukhalabe ndi mphamvu yochulukirapo. Chifukwa chake, pamene chosungira mafuta chikuwonjezera mafuta a hydraulic system, mpweya wopanikizika kwambiri ukhoza kupitiriza kusunga mphamvu ya mafuta a hydraulic pamene mphamvu ya madzi yasintha. Umachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta a hydraulic ataye mphamvu mwachangu.

Ponena za nayitrogeni, chifukwa chachikulu ndichakuti nayitrogeni ndi yokhazikika ndipo ilibe mphamvu zosungunuka kapena zochepetsera. Izi ndi zabwino kwambiri posunga magwiridwe antchito a mafuta a hydraulic ndipo sizingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa okosijeni/kuchepetsa kwa mafuta a hydraulic!

Nayitrogeni ndi mphamvu yoyambira kudzaza, yomwe imayikidwa mu thumba la mpweya la accumulator ndipo imalekanitsidwa ndi mafuta a hydraulic! Mukadzaza accumulator ndi mafuta a hydraulic, chifukwa cha mphamvu ya thumba la mpweya la nayitrogeni pa mafuta a hydraulic, ndiko kuti, mphamvu ya mafuta a hydraulic imakhala yofanana ndi mphamvu ya nayitrogeni. Pamene mafuta a hydraulic akulowa mwachangu, thumba la mpweya la nayitrogeni limapanikizika, ndipo mphamvu ya nayitrogeni imawonjezeka. Kuthamanga kwa mafuta kumawonjezeka mpaka mafuta a hydraulic afike pa mphamvu yokhazikika!

Ntchito ya accumulator ndikupereka mphamvu inayake ya mafuta a hydraulic, omwe amapangidwa ndi mphamvu ya nayitrogeni!

3. Ntchito yaikulu ya accumulator

1. Kwa magetsi othandizira
Ma actuator a machitidwe ena a hydraulic amagwira ntchito nthawi ndi nthawi ndipo nthawi yonse yogwira ntchito ndi yochepa kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti ma actuator a machitidwe ena a hydraulic sagwira ntchito nthawi ndi nthawi, liwiro lawo limasiyana kwambiri mkati mwa nthawi yogwira ntchito (kapena mkati mwa sitiroko). Pambuyo poti accumulator yayikidwa mu dongosololi, pampu yokhala ndi mphamvu yochepa ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchepetsa mphamvu ya main drive, kotero kuti dongosolo lonse la hydraulic likhale laling'ono, lopepuka, komanso lotsika mtengo.

2. Monga gwero lamagetsi ladzidzidzi
Pa makina ena, pamene pampu yalephera kapena mphamvu yalephera (mafuta opita ku actuator asokonezeka mwadzidzidzi), actuator iyenera kupitiriza kuchita zofunikira. Mwachitsanzo, kuti pakhale chitetezo, ndodo ya pistoni ya silinda ya hydraulic iyenera kubwezedwa mu silinda. Pankhaniyi, accumulator yokhala ndi mphamvu yoyenera imafunika ngati gwero lamagetsi ladzidzidzi.

3. Bwezerani kutayikira ndi kusunga kupanikizika kosalekeza
Pa makina omwe actuator sigwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, koma kuti ikhale ndi mphamvu yokhazikika, accumulator ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kubwezera kutayikira, kuti mphamvuyo ikhale yokhazikika.

4. Yamwani kugwedezeka kwa hydraulic
Chifukwa cha kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa njira ya valavu yobwerera m'mbuyo, kuyimitsa mwadzidzidzi kwa pampu ya hydraulic, kuyimitsa mwadzidzidzi kwa kayendedwe ka actuator, kapena kufunikira kopanga kwa brake yadzidzidzi ya actuator, ndi zina zotero, kuyenda kwa madzi mupaipi kudzasintha kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kugwedezeka kwamphamvu (kugunda kwa mafuta). Ngakhale kuti pali valavu yotetezera mu dongosolo, sizingatheke kupanga kugwedezeka kwakanthawi kochepa komanso kugwedezeka kwamphamvu. Kugwedezeka kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kulephera kapena kuwonongeka kwa zida, zigawo, ndi zida zotsekera mu dongosolo, kapena kuphulika kwa payipi, komanso kumapangitsa kuti dongosolo lipange kugwedezeka koonekeratu. Ngati accumulator yayikidwa patsogolo pa gwero la kugwedezeka kwa valavu yowongolera kapena silinda ya hydraulic, kugwedezekako kumatha kuyamwa ndikuchepetsedwa.

5. Yamwani kugunda kwa mtima ndikuchepetsa phokoso
Kuthamanga kwa mpweya m'mapampu kumayambitsa kuthamanga kwa mpweya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti liwiro la actuator lisamayende bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti phokoso lizigwedezeka komanso kugwedezeka. Lumikizani cholumikizira champhamvu komanso chaching'ono chomwe chimagwira ntchito limodzi pamalo otulukira mpweya m'mapampu kuti chiyamwitse kuyenda kwa mpweya ndi kuthamanga kwa mpweya ndikuchepetsa phokoso.