1. I-valve yesango: I-valve yesango ibhekisela ku-valve enelungu layo lokuvala (isango) elihamba ngendlela eqondile ye-axis yesiteshi. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ukusika i-medium epayipini, okungukuthi, evuleke ngokuphelele noma evaliwe ngokuphelele. Ngokuvamile, i-valve yesango ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa njengokugeleza kokulungisa. Ingasetshenziswa ekushiseni okuphansi kanye nokucindezela kanye nokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu, futhi ingasuselwa ezintweni ezahlukene ze-valve. Kodwa ama-valve esango ngokuvamile awasetshenziswa kumapayipi athutha udaka kanye nezinye izinto.
izinzuzo:
①Ukumelana noketshezi kuncane;
②I-torque edingekayo ekuvuleni nasekuvaleni incane;
③Ingasetshenziswa kuphayiphi yenethiwekhi yendandatho lapho i-medium igeleza khona kuzo zombili izinhlangothi, okungukuthi, isiqondiso sokugeleza kwe-medium asinqunyelwe;
④Uma ivuliwe ngokugcwele, ukuguguleka kwendawo yokuvala yi-medium yokusebenza kuncane kunokwe-valve yokuma;
⑤Isakhiwo somzimba silula, futhi inqubo yokukhiqiza ingcono;
⑥Ubude besakhiwo bufushane kakhulu.
Okubi:
①Ubukhulu kanye nokuphakama kokuvula kukhulu, futhi isikhala sokufaka esidingekayo naso sikhulu;
②Enqubweni yokuvula nokuvala, ubuso bokuvala buhlikihlwa ngabantu, futhi ukuhuzuka kukhulu, ngisho noma kushisa kakhulu, kulula ukubangela ukuhuzuka;
③Ngokuvamile, ama-valve esango anezindawo ezimbili zokuvala, okwengeza ubunzima ekucutshungulweni, ekugayweni nasekugcinweni kwesakhiwo;
④Isikhathi eside sokuvula nokuvala.
2. I-Butterfly valve: I-butterfly valve iyi-valve esebenzisa isitho sokuvula nokuvala sohlobo lwe-disc ukuze ibuyisele cishe ama-90° ukuvula, ukuvala nokulungisa isiteshi soketshezi.
izinzuzo:
①Isakhiwo esilula, usayizi omncane, isisindo esincane, izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezigcina imali, azisetshenziswa kuma-valve amakhulu;
②Ukuvula nokuvala okusheshayo, ukumelana nokugeleza okuphansi;
③Ingasetshenziswa ezindabeni ezinezinhlayiya eziqinile ezilengayo, futhi ingasetshenziswa nasezindabeni zempuphu kanye nezinhlayiya kuye ngamandla obuso bokuvala. Ingasetshenziswa ekuvulekeni nasekuvaleni okunezindlela ezimbili kanye nokulungiswa kwamapayipi okungenisa umoya kanye nokususa uthuli, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi emapayipini egesi kanye nasemanzini ezinsimbi, embonini yokukhanya, amandla kagesi, kanye nezinhlelo ze-petrochemical.
Okubi:
①Ububanzi bokulungiswa kokugeleza abubukhulu, lapho ukuvulwa kufinyelela ku-30%, ukugeleza kuzongena ngaphezu kuka-95%;
②Ngenxa yomkhawulo wesakhiwo se-butterfly valve kanye nezinto zokuvala, ayifanele ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamapayipi okushisa okuphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu. Izinga lokushisa lokusebenza elijwayelekile lingaphansi kuka-300℃ nangaphansi kwe-PN40;
③Ukusebenza kokuvala kubi kakhulu kunokwama-ball valve nama-globe valve, ngakho-ke kusetshenziswa ezindaweni lapho izidingo zokuvala zingekho phezulu kakhulu.
3. I-valve yebhola: yavela ku-valve yepulaki, ingxenye yayo yokuvula nokuvala iyindilinga, esebenzisa indilinga ukujikeleza ngo-90° uzungeze i-axis yesiqu se-valve ukuze kufezwe injongo yokuvula nokuvala. I-valve yebhola isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukusika, ukusabalalisa nokushintsha indlela yokugeleza kwe-medium epayipini. I-valve yebhola eklanywe njengokuvulwa okunobume obungu-V nayo inomsebenzi omuhle wokulungisa ukugeleza.
izinzuzo:
① inokumelana nokugeleza okuphansi kakhulu (empeleni u-0);
②Ngenxa yokuthi ngeke ibambeke lapho isebenza (uma kungekho lubricant), ingasetshenziswa ngokuthembekile ezintweni ezibolisa kanye noketshezi olubilisa kancane;
③Ezingeni eliphezulu lokucindezela kanye nokushisa, ingafinyelela ukuvalwa okuphelele;
④Ingavula futhi ivale ngokushesha, futhi isikhathi sokuvula nokuvala kwezinye izakhiwo singu-0.05 ~ 0.1s kuphela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingasetshenziswa ohlelweni oluzenzakalelayo lwebhentshi lokuhlola. Lapho ivula futhi ivala ivalvu ngokushesha, ukusebenza akunamthelela;
⑤Ingxenye yokuvala eyindilinga ingabekwa ngokuzenzakalelayo endaweni yomngcele;
⑥Indawo yokusebenza ivalwe ngokuthembekile kuzo zombili izinhlangothi;
⑦Uma ivuliwe ngokuphelele futhi ivaliwe ngokuphelele, indawo yokuvala ibhola kanye nesihlalo se-valve ihlukaniswe nendawo yokuvala, ngakho-ke indawo yokuvala edlula ku-valve ngesivinini esikhulu ngeke ibangele ukuguguleka kwendawo yokuvala;
⑧ isakhiwo esincane nesisindo esincane, singabhekwa njengesakhiwo se-valve esinengqondo kakhulu sohlelo lwe-cryogenic medium;
⑨Umzimba wevalvu ulingana, ikakhulukazi isakhiwo somzimba wevalvu ehlanganisiwe, esingamelana nokucindezeleka okuvela emthonjeni wepayipi;
⑩Ingxenye yokuvala ingamelana nomehluko wokucindezela okuphezulu lapho ivala. ⑾Ivalvu yebhola enomzimba ohlanganisiwe ngokugcwele ingangcwatshwa ngqo emhlabathini, ukuze izingxenye zangaphakathi zevalvu zingagqwali, futhi isikhathi senkonzo esiphezulu singafinyelela eminyakeni engama-30. Iyivalvu efanelekile kakhulu yamapayipi kawoyela negesi yemvelo.
Okubi:
①Ngenxa yokuthi indandatho yokuvala isihlalo esiyinhloko se-valve yebhola yi-polytetrafluoroethylene, ayisebenzi cishe kuzo zonke izinto zamakhemikhali, futhi inomkhawulo omncane wokungqubuzana, ukusebenza okuzinzile, akulula ukuguga, ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwezinga lokushisa elibanzi kanye nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokuvala. Izici eziphelele. Kodwa-ke, izakhiwo zomzimba ze-PTFE, kufaka phakathi i-coefficient ephezulu yokwandisa, ukuzwela ekugelezeni okubandayo kanye nokuqhuba kabi kokushisa, zidinga ukwakheka kwezimbozo zesihlalo se-valve ukuze kugxilwe kulezi zici. Ngakho-ke, lapho izinto zokuvala ziba nzima, ukuthembeka kwesimbozo kuyaphazamiseka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-PTFE inezinga lokumelana nokushisa eliphansi futhi ingasetshenziswa kuphela ngaphansi kuka-180°C. Ngaphezu kwalokhu kushisa, izinto zokuvala zizowohloka. Uma ucabangela ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside, ngokuvamile kuzosetshenziswa kuphela ku-120°C.
②Ukusebenza kwayo kokulawula kubi kakhulu kunokwamavalvu omhlaba, ikakhulukazi amavalvu asebenzisa umoya (noma amavalvu kagesi).
4. I-valve yokusika: ibhekisela ku-valve enengxenye yokuvala (idiski) ehamba emgqeni ophakathi wesihlalo se-valve. Ngokusho kwalokhu kunyakaza kwe-valve disc, ushintsho lwe-port yesihlalo se-valve luhambisana nokushaya kwe-valve disc. Njengoba ukushaya kokuvula noma kokuvala kwesiqu se-valve salolu hlobo lwe-valve kufushane, futhi kunomsebenzi wokusika othembekile kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yokuthi ushintsho lwe-port yesihlalo se-valve luhambisana ngqo nokushaya kwe-valve disc, lufaneleka kakhulu ekulungisweni kokugeleza. Ngakho-ke, lolu hlobo lwe-valve lufaneleka kakhulu ekunqumeni noma ekulawuleni nasekugoqeni.
izinzuzo:
①Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuvula nokuvala, ukungqubuzana phakathi kwediski kanye nobuso bokuvala bomzimba wevalvu kuncane kunokwevalvu yesango, ngakho-ke ayigugi.
②Ukuphakama kokuvula ngokuvamile kuyi-1/4 kuphela yendlela yesihlalo se-valve, ngakho-ke kuncane kakhulu kune-valve yesango;
③Ngokuvamile kukhona indawo eyodwa yokuvala emzimbeni wevalvu kanye nediski, ngakho-ke inqubo yokukhiqiza ilungile futhi kulula ukuyinakekela;
④Ngenxa yokuthi isigcwalisi ngokuvamile siyingxube ye-asbestos ne-graphite, izinga lokumelana nokushisa liphakeme. Ngokuvamile ama-valve anomusi asebenzisa ama-valve okumisa.
Okubi:
①Njengoba indlela yokugeleza kwe-medium edlula ku-valve ishintshile, ukumelana okuncane kokugeleza kwe-valve yokuma nakho kuphakeme kunokwezinye izinhlobo eziningi zama-valve;
②Ngenxa yokushaya okude, isivinini sokuvula sihamba kancane kunesevalvu yebhola.
5. I-plug valve: ibhekisela ku-rotary valve enengxenye yokuvala efana ne-plunger. I-passage port ku-valve plug ixhunyaniswa noma ihlukaniswe ne-passage port emzimbeni we-valve ngokujikeleza okungu-90° ukuze kuvuleke noma kuvalwe. Ukuma kwe-valve plug kungaba yi-cylindrical noma i-conical. Isimiso sifana kakhulu ne-ball valve. I-ball valve yakhiwe ngesisekelo se-plug valve. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwe-oilfield, kodwa futhi nasembonini ye-petrochemical.
6. Ivalvu yokuphepha: ibhekisela esitsheni sokucindezela, imishini noma ipayipi, njengedivayisi yokuvikela ukucindezela ngokweqile. Lapho ukucindezela emishinini, esitsheni noma epayipini kukhuphuka ngaphezu kwenani elivunyelwe, ivalvu ivuleka ngokuzenzakalelayo, bese inani eliphelele likhishwa ukuze kuvinjelwe imishini, isitsha noma ipayipi kanye nokucindezela ukuthi kuqhubeke kukhuphuka; lapho ukucindezela kwehla kuye enanini elicacisiwe, ivalvu kufanele ivale ngokuzenzakalelayo ngesikhathi ukuze kuvikelwe ukusebenza okuphephile kwemishini, izitsha noma amapayipi.
7. Isicupho somusi: Amanye amanzi ahlanganisiwe azokwakhiwa endaweni yokudlulisa umusi, umoya ocindezelwe, njll. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza okuphephile kwedivayisi, lezi zindlela zokusakaza ezingenamsebenzi neziyingozi kufanele zikhishwe ngesikhathi ukuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa nokusetshenziswa kwedivayisi. Inemisebenzi elandelayo: ①Ingasusa ngokushesha amanzi ahlanganisiwe akhiqizwayo; ②Vimbela ukuvuza komusi; ③Khipha umoya kanye namanye amagesi angajiki.
8. Ivalvu yokunciphisa umfutho: Iyivalvu enciphisa umfutho wokungena uye kumfutho othize wokuphuma odingekayo ngokulungiswa, futhi ithembele emandleni e-medium ngokwayo ukuze igcine ngokuzenzakalelayo umfutho wokuphuma ozinzile.
9, i-check valve: eyaziwa nangokuthi i-reverse valve, i-check valve, i-back pressure valve kanye ne-one-way valve. Lawa ma-valve avulwa futhi avalwe ngokuzenzakalelayo ngamandla akhiqizwa ukugeleza kwe-medium epayipini, futhi angaphansi kwe-valve ezenzakalelayo. I-check valve isetshenziswa ohlelweni lwepayipi, futhi umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukuvimbela i-medium ukuthi igeleze emuva, ivimbele ipompo kanye ne-drive motor ukuthi ibuyele emuva, futhi ikhulule i-container medium. Ama-check valve angasetshenziswa futhi ukuhlinzeka ngamapayipi ezinhlelo ezisizayo ukucindezela kwawo okungase kukhuphuke ngaphezu kwengcindezi yesistimu. Angahlukaniswa ngohlobo lwe-swing (olujikeleza phakathi nendawo yamandla adonsela phansi) kanye nohlobo lokuphakamisa (oluhamba nge-axis).