1. Ivalvu yesango: Ivalvu yesango isho ivalvu ilungu layo elivalayo (isango) elihamba ngendlela eqondile ye-eksisi yesiteshi.Ngokuyinhloko isetshenziselwa ukusika i-medium epayipini, okungukuthi, evuliwe ngokugcwele noma evalwe ngokugcwele.Ngokuvamile, i-valve yesango ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa njengokugeleza kokulungiswa.Ingasetshenziswa ekushiseni okuphansi nokucindezela kanye nokushisa okuphezulu nokucindezela okukhulu, futhi ingasekelwe ezintweni ezahlukene ze-valve.Kodwa ama-valve esango ngokuvamile awasetshenziswa kumapayipi athutha udaka nezinye izinto
izinzuzo:
①Ukumelana noketshezi kuncane;
②I-torque edingekayo yokuvula nokuvala incane;
③Ingasetshenziswa ephayiphini lenethiwekhi eyindandatho lapho okuphakathi kugeleza kuzo zombili izinkomba, okusho ukuthi, ukugeleza kwe-medium akukhawulelwe;
④Uma ivuleke ngokugcwele, ukuguguleka kwendawo evalayo ngesisetshenziswa esisebenzayo kuncane kunaleyo yevalvu yokumisa;
⑤Isakhiwo somzimba silula, futhi inqubo yokukhiqiza ingcono;
⑥Ubude besakhiwo bufushane.
Ububi:
①Ubukhulu obuphelele nobude bokuvula kukhulu, futhi isikhala sokufaka esidingekayo naso sikhulu;
②Enqubweni yokuvula nokuvala, indawo yokuvala uphawu ihlikihlwa abantu ngokuqhathaniswa, futhi umhuzuko mkhulu, ngisho nalapho izinga lokushisa liphezulu, kulula ukubangela imihuzuko;
③ Ngokuvamile, amavalvu esango anezindawo ezimbili zokuvala, ezengeza ubunzima obuthile ekucubunguleni, ekugayeni nasekunakekeleni;
④Isikhathi eside sokuvula nesokuvala.
2. Ivalve uvemvane: Ivalve uvemvane ivalvu esebenzisa i-disc-uhlobo lwelungu lokuvula nokuvala ukuze libuyisele cishe u-90° ukuze livule, livale futhi lilungise uketshezi lwamanzi.
izinzuzo:
① Isakhiwo esilula, usayizi omncane, isisindo esincane, ukonga izinto ezisetshenziswayo, ungasebenzisi kumavalvu anobubanzi obukhulu;
②Ukuvula nokuvala ngokushesha, ukumelana nokugeleza okuphansi;
③Ingasetshenziselwa imidiya enezinhlayiya eziqinile ezimisiwe, futhi ingasetshenziselwa impushana kanye nemidiya eyimbudumbudu kuye ngamandla ondawo yokuvala.Ingasetshenziswa ekuvuleni nasekuvaleni okuyizindlela ezimbili kanye nokulungiswa kwamapayipi komoya kanye nokususa uthuli, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi kumapayipi egesi nasemigwaqweni yamanzi kwezensimbi, imboni yokukhanya, amandla kagesi, kanye nezinhlelo ze-petrochemical.
Ububi:
①Ibanga lokulungiswa kokugeleza alilikhulu, lapho ukuvuleka kufinyelela ku-30%, ukugeleza kuzongena ngaphezu kuka-95%;
②Ngenxa yomkhawulo wesakhiwo se-valve uvemvane nezinto zokuvala, ayifanele ukusetshenziswa ekushiseni okuphezulu kanye nezinhlelo zamapayipi okucindezela okukhulu.Izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lokusebenza lingaphansi kuka-300℃ futhi lingaphansi kwe-PN40;
③Ukusebenza kokuvala kubi kakhulu kunamavalvu ebhola namavalvu eglobhu, ngakho-ke kusetshenziswa ezindaweni lapho izidingo zokuvala zingekho phezulu kakhulu.
3. I-valve yebhola: yavela ku-valve yepulaki, ingxenye yayo yokuvula neyokuvala iyindilinga, esebenzisa i-sphere ukuze ijikeleze ngo-90° izungeze i-eksisi yesiqu se-valve ukuze kuzuzwe injongo yokuvula nokuvala.I-valve yebhola isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukusika, ukusabalalisa kanye nokushintsha isiqondiso sokugeleza kwe-medium epayipini.I-valve yebhola eklanywe njengokuvula okumise okwe-V nayo inomsebenzi omuhle wokulungisa ukugeleza.
izinzuzo:
①inokumelana nokugeleza okuphansi kakhulu (empeleni ngu-0);
②Ngenxa yokuthi ngeke ibambeke lapho isebenza (uma ingekho into yokuthambisa), ingasetshenziswa ngendlela ethembekile emithonjeni eyonakalisayo neyoketshezi olubilayo;
③Ebangeni elikhudlwana lokucindezela nezinga lokushisa, lingafinyelela ukubekwa uphawu okuphelele;
④Ingabona ukuvulwa nokuvala okusheshayo, futhi isikhathi sokuvula nokuvala sezinye izakhiwo singu-0.05~0.1s kuphela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi singasetshenziswa ohlelweni oluzenzakalelayo lwebhentshi lokuhlola.Lapho uvula futhi uvala i-valve ngokushesha, ukusebenza akunawo umthelela;
⑤Isiqephu sokuvala esiyindilinga singabekwa ngokuzenzakalelayo endaweni yomngcele;
⑥Indlela yokusebenza ivalwe ngokuthembekile nhlangothi zombili;
⑦ Uma ivuleke ngokugcwele futhi ivaleke ngokugcwele, indawo yokuvala yebhola nesihlalo sevalvu ihlukaniswa phakathi nendawo, ngakho okuphakathi nendawo okudlula kuvalvu ngesivinini esikhulu ngeke kubangele ukuguguleka kwendawo evalayo;
⑧ Isakhiwo esihlangene nesisindo esincane, singabhekwa njengesakhiwo esinengqondo kunazo zonke sesistimu ye-cryogenic medium;
⑨Umzimba we-valve uyalingana, ikakhulukazi ukwakheka komzimba wevalvu eshiselwe, ekwazi ukumelana nengcindezi yepayipi kahle;
⑩Isiqephu esivalayo singamelana nomehluko wengcindezi ephezulu uma kuvalwa.⑾I-valve yebhola enomzimba oshiselwe ngokugcwele ingangcwatshwa ngokuqondile emhlabathini, ukuze izingxenye zangaphakathi ze-valve zingagqwali, futhi impilo yesevisi ephezulu ingafinyelela iminyaka engama-30.Yivalvu ekahle kakhulu yamapayipi kawoyela negesi yemvelo.
Ububi:
①Ngenxa yokuthi indandatho eyinhloko yokuvala isihlalo ye-valve yebhola i-polytetrafluoroethylene, ayisebenzi cishe kuzo zonke izinto zamakhemikhali, futhi ine-coefficient encane yokungqubuzana, ukusebenza okuzinzile, akulula ukuguga, ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwezinga lokushisa kanye nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokuvala Izici ezibanzi.Kodwa-ke, izici ezibonakalayo ze-PTFE, kufaka phakathi i-coefficient ephezulu yokunwetshwa, ukuzwela ekugelezeni okubandayo kanye nokungahambi kahle kwe-thermal, kudinga ukuklanywa kwama-valve seat seal ukuze kugxilwe kulezi zici.Ngakho-ke, lapho izinto zokuvala ziba nzima, ukwethembeka kophawu kuphazamiseka.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-PTFE inebanga eliphansi lokumelana nezinga lokushisa futhi ingasetshenziswa kuphela ngaphansi kuka-180°C.Ngaphezu kwalokhu kushisa, izinto zokuvala zizowohloka.Uma kucatshangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside, ngokuvamile kuzosetshenziswa kuphela ku-120°C.
②Ukusebenza kwayo kokulawula kubi kakhulu kunamavalvu embulunga, ikakhulukazi amavalvu omoya (noma amavalvu kagesi).
4. I-valve yokusika: ibhekisela kuvalvu ingxenye yayo yokuvala (idiski) ehamba emgqeni omaphakathi wesihlalo sevalvu.Ngokwalokhu kunyakaza kwediski ye-valve, ukuguqulwa kwembobo yesihlalo se-valve ngokulingana ne-valve disc stroke.Njengoba i-stroke yokuvula noma yokuvala yesiqu se-valve yalolu hlobo lwe-valve imfushane, futhi inomsebenzi othembeke kakhulu wokunqamula, futhi ngenxa yokuthi ukuguqulwa kwembobo yesihlalo se-valve kuhambisana ngokuqondile nokushaywa kwe-valve disc. , ifaneleka kakhulu ukulungiswa kokugeleza.Ngakho-ke, lolu hlobo lwe-valve lufaneleka kakhulu ukusika noma ukuqondisa nokudonsa.
izinzuzo:
①Ngesikhathi sokuvula nokuvala, ukungqubuzana phakathi kwediski nendawo yokuvala yomzimba we-valve kuncane kunaleyo ye-valve yesango, ngakho-ke ayigugi.
②Ubude bokuvula ngokuvamile bungu-1/4 kuphela wephaseji yesihlalo sevalvu, ngakho buncane kakhulu kunevalvu yesango;
③Imvamisa kunendawo eyodwa yokuvala emzimbeni we-valve kanye ne-disc, ngakho-ke inqubo yokukhiqiza yinhle uma kuqhathaniswa futhi kulula ukuyinakekela;
④Ngenxa yokuthi isigcwalisi ngokuvamile siyingxube ye-asbestos ne-graphite, izinga lokumelana nezinga lokushisa liphezulu.Ngokuvamile ama-valves e-steam asebenzisa ama-stop valves.
Ububi:
①Njengoba ukugeleza kokuqondisa kwe-medium nge-valve kushintshile, ukuphikiswa kokugeleza okuncane kwe-valve yokumisa nakho kuphakeme kunokwezinye izinhlobo eziningi zamavalvu;
②Ngenxa ye-stroke ende, isivinini sokuvula sihamba kancane kunaleso se-valve yebhola.
5. I-valve yokuxhuma: ibhekisela ku-valve ejikelezayo enengxenye yokuvala emise okwe-plunger.Imbobo yokudlula kupulaki ye-valve ixhunywa noma ihlukaniswe nembobo yokudlula emzimbeni wevalvu ngokuzungezisa okungu-90° ukuze kubonakale ukuvulwa noma ukuvala.Ukuma kwepulaki ye-valve kungaba yi-cylindrical noma i-conical.Isimiso ngokuyisisekelo sifana naleso se-valve yebhola.I-valve yebhola ithuthukiswa ngesisekelo se-valve yepulaki.Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuxhashazwa kwe-oilfield, kodwa futhi nasembonini ye-petrochemical.
6. I-valve yokuphepha: ibhekisela kumkhumbi wokucindezela, okokusebenza noma ipayipi, njengethuluzi lokuvikela ukucindezela ngokweqile.Lapho ingcindezi emshinini, esitsheni noma epayipini ikhuphuka ngaphezu kwenani elivunyelwe, ivalvu ivuleka ngokuzenzakalelayo, bese inani eliphelele liyakhishwa ukuze kuvinjwe okokusebenza, isitsha noma ipayipi kanye nokucindezela ukuthi kungaqhubeki nokukhuphuka;lapho ukucindezela kwehla kunani elishiwo, i-valve kufanele Ivale ngokuzenzakalelayo ngesikhathi ukuze ivikele ukusebenza okuphephile kwemishini, iziqukathi noma amapayipi.
7. I-steam trap: Amanye amanzi ajiyile azokwakhiwa endaweni yokudlulisa isitimu, umoya ocindezelwe, njll. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza okuphephile kocingo, lezi zindaba ezingenamsebenzi neziyingozi kufanele zikhishwe kusenesikhathi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwedivayisi.sebenzisa.Inemisebenzi elandelayo: ①Ingakwazi ukususa ngokushesha amanzi akhiqiziwe;②Vimbela ukuvuza kwesitimu;③Ungafaki umoya namanye amagesi angacondensable.
8. I-valve yokunciphisa ukucindezela: Ivalvu enciphisa ukucindezelwa kwe-inlet kungcindezi ethile edingekayo yokuphuma ngokulungiswa, futhi incike emandleni omthombo ngokwawo ukuze kugcinwe ngokuzenzakalelayo ukucindezela kokuphuma okuzinzile.
9, i-valve yokuhlola: eyaziwa nangokuthi i-valve ebuyela emuva, i-valve yokuhlola, i-valve yokucindezela emuva kanye ne-valve yendlela eyodwa.Lawa ma-valve avuleka futhi avalwe ngokuzenzakalelayo amandla akhiqizwa ukugeleza kwendawo ephakathi epayipini, futhi ayingxenye ye-automatic valve.I-valve yokuhlola isetshenziswa ohlelweni lwamapayipi, futhi umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukuvimbela i-medium ukuthi ingabuyeli emuva, ukuvimbela iphampu kanye ne-motor motor ukuthi ingahlehli, nokukhulula i-container medium.Amavalvu okuhlola angasetshenziswa futhi ukuhlinzeka ngamapayipi amasistimu asizayo ukucindezela kwawo kungase kukhuphuke ngaphezu kwengcindezi yesistimu.Angahlukaniswa abe uhlobo lokushwiba (okuzungeza maphakathi namandla adonsela phansi) kanye nohlobo lokuphakamisa (oluhambayo eksisi).